Ratio & Proportion Shortcuts

SBI POIBPS POSSC CGLRRB

Items to Memorize

  1. If a:b = 2:3, actual values = 2k and 3k
  2. Componendo-Dividendo: if a/b = c/d then (a+b)/(a−b) = (c+d)/(c−d)
  3. Chain Rule: link ratios by making common term equal
  4. Mixture: use alligation cross method
  5. Partnership: Profit ratio = Capital × Time ratio
  6. Dividing in ratio: A's share = A/(A+B+C) × Total
  7. Duplicate ratio of a:b = a²:b²
  8. Sub-duplicate ratio of a:b = √a:√b
  9. Mean proportional of a and b = √(ab)
  10. Third proportional to a,b = b²/a

Mnemonic Tricks

Shortcut Method

Alligation Cross: Draw an X. Put cheaper on top-left, dearer on bottom-left, mean in center. Cross-subtract to get the ratio of quantities.

How It Maps

Cue Maps To
Top-left Cheaper price (or lower concentration)
Center Mean price (or desired concentration)
Bottom-left Dearer price (or higher concentration)
Top-right Dearer − Mean (quantity of cheaper)
Bottom-right Mean − Cheaper (quantity of dearer)

Why It's Faster

The alligation method solves mixture, partnership, and average problems visually without equations. One technique covers 5+ question types in banking exams.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the alligation method?

Alligation is a visual cross-multiplication method to find the ratio in which two quantities at different prices/concentrations must be mixed to get a desired mean. Draw an X, place values, cross-subtract.

How to solve partnership problems quickly?

Profit sharing ratio = (Capital₁ × Time₁) : (Capital₂ × Time₂). If times are equal, ratio is simply Capital₁ : Capital₂.

What is componendo-dividendo?

If a/b = c/d, then (a+b)/(a−b) = (c+d)/(c−d). This shortcut is useful when you know the ratio and need sum/difference relationships.